What are they?
Microplastics are tiny plastic particles (less than five millimeters in size) that can be found in a variety of consumer products, including cosmetics. In the beauty industry, they’re commonly used as fillers, film-forming agents, or exfoliants, often hidden in ingredient lists under terms like “polyethylene,” “polymethyl methacrylate,” or “nylon.” While these particles improve texture and feel, they pose significant health and environmental risks.
Environmental Impact
When makeup containing microplastics is washed off, the particles enter waterways and eventually reach the ocean. These microplastics persist for decades, accumulating in marine environments and harming marine life. This pollution ultimately affects humans who consume seafood, perpetuating the contamination cycle across ecosystems UNEP - UN Environment Programme MDPI.
Health Risks
The health risks of microplastics are still being studied, but early research suggests these particles can have serious effects on human health. Microplastics can enter the body through inhalation, ingestion, or even skin absorption, especially when applied in makeup and skincare. Some studies, including those by UC San Francisco researchers, indicate that certain chemicals in microplastics—like phthalates and bisphenol A (BPA)—can disrupt endocrine functions, potentially leading to issues with fertility, immune function, and brain development. Moreover, microplastics have been found in human organs and even in the placenta, sparking concerns about long-term health effects. Home UNEP - UN Environment Programme.
So can you Avoid Microplastics in Cosmetics?
To reduce exposure to microplastics in cosmetics, consumers can:
- Check ingredient lists for terms like "polyethylene" or "polypropylene."
- Look for products labeled as "microplastic-free" .
- Choose brands that use natural exfoliants (e.g., sugar, salt) and natural film-forming agents like plant-derived waxes.
- Support companies that commit to plastic-free formulations and sustainable packaging.
Plastic-Free Alternatives
Many eco-conscious brands are developing products that do not include microplastics, using ingredients like rice starch, natural clays, and mineral-based powders instead. These alternatives not only reduce environmental impact but also offer safer options for skin and overall health. By choosing such products, consumers can support a cleaner beauty industry that prioritizes both sustainability and personal health.
For more on the impact of microplastics and sustainable choices in cosmetics, the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and UC San Francisco have published informative articles detailing both the environmental and health concerns surrounding microplastics. UNEP’s report highlights the widespread contamination of microplastics and their impact on marine and human life
, while UC San Francisco’s research offers practical tips on avoiding microplastics in everyday life Home.